Read Part One of “Book Maven Interview: Annette Gordon-Reed”
BP: You also believe that Tom Jefferson brought up the sons he had with Sally to live out sides of his own personality and passions that he could not fully live out himself.
AG: His real love was woodworking. He spent most of his time with his carpenters, like Sally’s half-brother John Hemings and John’s apprentices. Tom made them sort of versions of himself that are not the exalted version, but if they were white as they were by VA law, carpenters, musicians, etc. They are a part of him, in a way, but it’s not the part that we focus on.
BP: Why do you think that people who deny Jefferson’s long relationship with Hemings do so? Is it good, old-fashioned racism?
AG: I am turning this over in my mind. There’s a puritan streak in the American consciousness, and Jefferson is one of our “pure” figures — or we want him to be that way. For him to have had sex with a partner he wasn’t supposed to is problematic for many people on several levels, especially for those people who draw his power from the notion that he was celibate after his wife’s death — after all, women sap your wisdome and strength, and all that notion.
We all draw boundaries around our families. It just happens that most people care about their immediate families most, but in the case of Jefferson, his fame makes him loom larger. There’s a racist and a sexist aspect about denying Sally Hemings and her family’s influence in Jefferson’s life, but for the family, it’s about protecting that membrane, that boundary, around who is in and who is out. In the case of this issue, I live a sort of 18th/19th century life; I don’t follow it completely. I had an interesting conversation with one of the Hemings-Jefferson descendants, who asked his great-grandfather if the whole story were true. The response? “Of course it’s true, but they’ll never prove it.” What you finally have is the people who show up, and speak up.
BP: After all of your research, how do you regard Jefferson today? How do you believe we all should regard him?
AG: He is one of the greatest Americans who ever lived, flaw and all. I just don’t think you can find an aspect of life in America that he did not have a hand in some way: slavery, race, women, agriculture, the arts, government…I find him a fascinating individual. I plan to write one more volume about the Hemingses, and then a biography of Jefferson that will be at least two volumes, maybe three.

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